Cauda equina syndrome is a rare neurological condition that occurs when the nerves at the bottom of the spinal cord become compressed. This can happen in a number of ways, as explained in this article.
Causes of CES
Cauda equina syndrome can be caused in the following ways:-
- Slipped disc – a slipped lumbar disc is the most common cause of cauda equina syndrome. It occurs when a weakness in the outer layer of the spinal disc allows the inner layer to protrude outwards. This presses upon the cauda equina nerves, causing them harm.
- Tumour – tumours can develop anywhere in the body, including the spine. If a tumour grows on the lower part of the spine, it can impinge upon the cauda equina nerves.
- Trauma – a traumatic accident that causes crushing injuries to the spine are another cause of cauda equina syndrome. The most common type of traumatic accident in which the spine may be damaged is a road traffic accident.
- Infection – infections such as an epidural abscess will injure the cauda equina nerves.
- Inflammation – an inflammation in the lumbar region will have a similar affect as a spinal tumour in that the cauda equina nerves will be squeezed, causing them damage.
- Congenital disorders – cauda equina syndrome is a complication of chronic conditions such as spinal stenosis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome
Whatever the underlying cause, compression of the cauda equina nerves will lead to the same symptoms. Initially this will include:-
- Chronic lower back pain;
- Urinary dysfunction, such as loss of sensation, increased frequency and inability to fully empty the bladder;
- Reduced of sensation in the perineum.
As the cauda equina nerves become increasingly damaged, these symptoms will also include:-
- Poor anal tone;
- Bowel dysfunction;
- Weakness in the lower limbs;
- Sexual dysfunction;
- Urinary incontinence;
- Total loss of sensation in the perineum and urethra.
A reasonably competent medical professional should be able to recognise these symptoms as being indicative of cauda equina nerve compression and take steps to discover the underlying cause.
Failure to recognise the symptoms of cauda equina syndrome
Unfortunately, however, medical professionals often fail to make a timely diagnosis, instead diagnosing a patient with a more minor condition. This will cause a delay in treatment, during which time the nerves will suffer irreparable damage. A patient will therefore be left with permanent complications as a result of medical error.
If this has happened to you or your loved one, get in touch with us today to discuss claiming compensation.